CovidSeniorV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000135

The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil: insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing.

Identifieur interne : 000135 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000134; suivant : 000136

The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil: insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing.

Auteurs : Joilson Xavier [Brésil] ; Marta Giovanetti [Brésil] ; Talita Adelino [Brésil] ; Vagner Fonseca [Brésil, Afrique du Sud] ; Alana Vitor Barbosa Da Costa [Brésil] ; Adriana Aparecida Ribeiro [Brésil] ; Katlin Nascimento Felicio [Brésil] ; Clara Guerra Duarte [Brésil] ; Marcos Vinicius Ferreira Silva [Brésil] ; Álvaro Salgado [Brésil] ; Mauricio Teixeira Lima [Brésil] ; Ronaldo De Jesus [Brésil] ; Allison Fabri [Brésil] ; Cristiane Franco Soares Zoboli [Brésil] ; Thales Gutemberg Souza Santos [Brésil] ; Felipe Iani [Brésil] ; Massimo Ciccozzi [Italie] ; Ana Maria Bispo De Filippis [Brésil] ; Marilda Agudo Mendonça Teixeira De Siqueira [Brésil] ; André Luiz De Abreu [Brésil] ; Vasco De Azevedo [Brésil] ; Dario Brock Ramalho [Brésil] ; Carlos F. Campelo De Albuquerque [Brésil] ; Tulio De Oliveira [Afrique du Sud] ; Edward C. Holmes [Australie] ; José Lourenço [Royaume-Uni] ; Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara [Brésil] ; Marluce Aparecida Assunção Oliveira [Brésil]

Source :

Emerging microbes & infections [ 2222-1751 ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:32726185

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (génétique), Brésil (épidémiologie), Femelle (MeSH), Génome viral (MeSH), Géographie (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Infections à coronavirus (transmission), Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Pandémies (MeSH), Pneumopathie virale (transmission), Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Séquençage du génome entier (MeSH).
MESH :
- génétique : Betacoronavirus.
- épidémiologie : Brésil, Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Femelle, Génome viral, Géographie, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Pandémies, Sujet âgé, Séquençage du génome entier.
Wicri :
- geographic : Brésil.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (genetics), Brazil (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (transmission), Female (MeSH), Genome, Viral (MeSH), Geography (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology), Pneumonia, Viral (transmission), Whole Genome Sequencing (MeSH), Young Adult (MeSH).
MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Brazil.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- genetics : Betacoronavirus.
- transmission : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- Adult, Aged, Female, Genome, Viral, Geography, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Whole Genome Sequencing, Young Adult.

Abstract

The recent emergence of a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, has had major public health and economic consequences. Although 61,888 confirmed cases were reported in Brazil by 28 April 2020, little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in this country. To better understand the recent epidemic in the second most populous state in southeast Brazil - Minas Gerais (MG) - we sequenced 40 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from MG cases and examined epidemiological data from three Brazilian states. Both the genome analyses and the geographical distribution of reported cases indicate for multiple independent introductions into MG. Epidemiological estimates of the reproductive number (R) using different data sources and theoretical assumptions suggest the potential for sustained virus transmission despite a reduction in R from the first reported case to the end of April 2020. The estimated date of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Brazil was consistent with epidemiological data from the first case of a returned traveller from Lombardy, Italy. These findings highlight the nature of the COVID-19 epidemic in MG and reinforce the need for real-time and continued genomic surveillance strategies to better understand and prepare for the epidemic spread of emerging viral pathogens..

DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1803146
PubMed: 32726185
PubMed Central: PMC7473129

Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

to stream Main, to step Corpus: 000949
to stream Main, to step Curation: 000949

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Fonseca, Vagner" sort="Fonseca, Vagner" uniqKey="Fonseca V" first="Vagner" last="Fonseca">Vagner Fonseca</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Barbosa Da Costa, Alana Vitor" sort="Barbosa Da Costa, Alana Vitor" uniqKey="Barbosa Da Costa A" first="Alana Vitor" last="Barbosa Da Costa">Alana Vitor Barbosa Da Costa</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ribeiro, Adriana Aparecida" sort="Ribeiro, Adriana Aparecida" uniqKey="Ribeiro A" first="Adriana Aparecida" last="Ribeiro">Adriana Aparecida Ribeiro</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Felicio, Katlin Nascimento" sort="Felicio, Katlin Nascimento" uniqKey="Felicio K" first="Katlin Nascimento" last="Felicio">Katlin Nascimento Felicio</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Duarte, Clara Guerra" sort="Duarte, Clara Guerra" uniqKey="Duarte C" first="Clara Guerra" last="Duarte">Clara Guerra Duarte</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ferreira Silva, Marcos Vinicius" sort="Ferreira Silva, Marcos Vinicius" uniqKey="Ferreira Silva M" first="Marcos Vinicius" last="Ferreira Silva">Marcos Vinicius Ferreira Silva</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Salgado, Alvaro" sort="Salgado, Alvaro" uniqKey="Salgado A" first="Álvaro" last="Salgado">Álvaro Salgado</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
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</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Lima, Mauricio Teixeira" sort="Lima, Mauricio Teixeira" uniqKey="Lima M" first="Mauricio Teixeira" last="Lima">Mauricio Teixeira Lima</name>
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<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Jesus, Ronaldo" sort="De Jesus, Ronaldo" uniqKey="De Jesus R" first="Ronaldo" last="De Jesus">Ronaldo De Jesus</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Fabri, Allison" sort="Fabri, Allison" uniqKey="Fabri A" first="Allison" last="Fabri">Allison Fabri</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Soares Zoboli, Cristiane Franco" sort="Soares Zoboli, Cristiane Franco" uniqKey="Soares Zoboli C" first="Cristiane Franco" last="Soares Zoboli">Cristiane Franco Soares Zoboli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Souza Santos, Thales Gutemberg" sort="Souza Santos, Thales Gutemberg" uniqKey="Souza Santos T" first="Thales Gutemberg" last="Souza Santos">Thales Gutemberg Souza Santos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Iani, Felipe" sort="Iani, Felipe" uniqKey="Iani F" first="Felipe" last="Iani">Felipe Iani</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, Massimo" sort="Ciccozzi, Massimo" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M" first="Massimo" last="Ciccozzi">Massimo Ciccozzi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Latium</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bispo De Filippis, Ana Maria" sort="Bispo De Filippis, Ana Maria" uniqKey="Bispo De Filippis A" first="Ana Maria" last="Bispo De Filippis">Ana Maria Bispo De Filippis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Teixeira De Siqueira, Marilda Agudo Mendonca" sort="Teixeira De Siqueira, Marilda Agudo Mendonca" uniqKey="Teixeira De Siqueira M" first="Marilda Agudo Mendonça" last="Teixeira De Siqueira">Marilda Agudo Mendonça Teixeira De Siqueira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Abreu, Andre Luiz" sort="De Abreu, Andre Luiz" uniqKey="De Abreu A" first="André Luiz" last="De Abreu">André Luiz De Abreu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Distrito Federal</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Azevedo, Vasco" sort="De Azevedo, Vasco" uniqKey="De Azevedo V" first="Vasco" last="De Azevedo">Vasco De Azevedo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramalho, Dario Brock" sort="Ramalho, Dario Brock" uniqKey="Ramalho D" first="Dario Brock" last="Ramalho">Dario Brock Ramalho</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Campelo De Albuquerque, Carlos F" sort="Campelo De Albuquerque, Carlos F" uniqKey="Campelo De Albuquerque C" first="Carlos F" last="Campelo De Albuquerque">Carlos F. Campelo De Albuquerque</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília-DF, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília-DF</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">District fédéral (Brésil)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Oliveira, Tulio" sort="De Oliveira, Tulio" uniqKey="De Oliveira T" first="Tulio" last="De Oliveira">Tulio De Oliveira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Durban 4001</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Holmes, Edward C" sort="Holmes, Edward C" uniqKey="Holmes E" first="Edward C" last="Holmes">Edward C. Holmes</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lourenco, Jose" sort="Lourenco, Jose" uniqKey="Lourenco J" first="José" last="Lourenço">José Lourenço</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos" sort="Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos" uniqKey="Junior Alcantara L" first="Luiz Carlos" last="Junior Alcantara">Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Assuncao Oliveira, Marluce Aparecida" sort="Assuncao Oliveira, Marluce Aparecida" uniqKey="Assuncao Oliveira M" first="Marluce Aparecida" last="Assunção Oliveira">Marluce Aparecida Assunção Oliveira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
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<date when="2020">2020</date>
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<idno type="pmid">32726185</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1080/22221751.2020.1803146</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil: insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Xavier, Joilson" sort="Xavier, Joilson" uniqKey="Xavier J" first="Joilson" last="Xavier">Joilson Xavier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Giovanetti, Marta" sort="Giovanetti, Marta" uniqKey="Giovanetti M" first="Marta" last="Giovanetti">Marta Giovanetti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adelino, Talita" sort="Adelino, Talita" uniqKey="Adelino T" first="Talita" last="Adelino">Talita Adelino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fonseca, Vagner" sort="Fonseca, Vagner" uniqKey="Fonseca V" first="Vagner" last="Fonseca">Vagner Fonseca</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Durban 4001</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barbosa Da Costa, Alana Vitor" sort="Barbosa Da Costa, Alana Vitor" uniqKey="Barbosa Da Costa A" first="Alana Vitor" last="Barbosa Da Costa">Alana Vitor Barbosa Da Costa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ribeiro, Adriana Aparecida" sort="Ribeiro, Adriana Aparecida" uniqKey="Ribeiro A" first="Adriana Aparecida" last="Ribeiro">Adriana Aparecida Ribeiro</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Felicio, Katlin Nascimento" sort="Felicio, Katlin Nascimento" uniqKey="Felicio K" first="Katlin Nascimento" last="Felicio">Katlin Nascimento Felicio</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Duarte, Clara Guerra" sort="Duarte, Clara Guerra" uniqKey="Duarte C" first="Clara Guerra" last="Duarte">Clara Guerra Duarte</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ferreira Silva, Marcos Vinicius" sort="Ferreira Silva, Marcos Vinicius" uniqKey="Ferreira Silva M" first="Marcos Vinicius" last="Ferreira Silva">Marcos Vinicius Ferreira Silva</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Salgado, Alvaro" sort="Salgado, Alvaro" uniqKey="Salgado A" first="Álvaro" last="Salgado">Álvaro Salgado</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lima, Mauricio Teixeira" sort="Lima, Mauricio Teixeira" uniqKey="Lima M" first="Mauricio Teixeira" last="Lima">Mauricio Teixeira Lima</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Jesus, Ronaldo" sort="De Jesus, Ronaldo" uniqKey="De Jesus R" first="Ronaldo" last="De Jesus">Ronaldo De Jesus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fabri, Allison" sort="Fabri, Allison" uniqKey="Fabri A" first="Allison" last="Fabri">Allison Fabri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Soares Zoboli, Cristiane Franco" sort="Soares Zoboli, Cristiane Franco" uniqKey="Soares Zoboli C" first="Cristiane Franco" last="Soares Zoboli">Cristiane Franco Soares Zoboli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Souza Santos, Thales Gutemberg" sort="Souza Santos, Thales Gutemberg" uniqKey="Souza Santos T" first="Thales Gutemberg" last="Souza Santos">Thales Gutemberg Souza Santos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Iani, Felipe" sort="Iani, Felipe" uniqKey="Iani F" first="Felipe" last="Iani">Felipe Iani</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, Massimo" sort="Ciccozzi, Massimo" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M" first="Massimo" last="Ciccozzi">Massimo Ciccozzi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Latium</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bispo De Filippis, Ana Maria" sort="Bispo De Filippis, Ana Maria" uniqKey="Bispo De Filippis A" first="Ana Maria" last="Bispo De Filippis">Ana Maria Bispo De Filippis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Teixeira De Siqueira, Marilda Agudo Mendonca" sort="Teixeira De Siqueira, Marilda Agudo Mendonca" uniqKey="Teixeira De Siqueira M" first="Marilda Agudo Mendonça" last="Teixeira De Siqueira">Marilda Agudo Mendonça Teixeira De Siqueira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Abreu, Andre Luiz" sort="De Abreu, Andre Luiz" uniqKey="De Abreu A" first="André Luiz" last="De Abreu">André Luiz De Abreu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Distrito Federal</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Azevedo, Vasco" sort="De Azevedo, Vasco" uniqKey="De Azevedo V" first="Vasco" last="De Azevedo">Vasco De Azevedo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
<settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramalho, Dario Brock" sort="Ramalho, Dario Brock" uniqKey="Ramalho D" first="Dario Brock" last="Ramalho">Dario Brock Ramalho</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Belo Horizonte</settlement>
<region type="state">Minas Gerais</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Campelo De Albuquerque, Carlos F" sort="Campelo De Albuquerque, Carlos F" uniqKey="Campelo De Albuquerque C" first="Carlos F" last="Campelo De Albuquerque">Carlos F. Campelo De Albuquerque</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília-DF, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília-DF</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">District fédéral (Brésil)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Oliveira, Tulio" sort="De Oliveira, Tulio" uniqKey="De Oliveira T" first="Tulio" last="De Oliveira">Tulio De Oliveira</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Durban 4001</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Holmes, Edward C" sort="Holmes, Edward C" uniqKey="Holmes E" first="Edward C" last="Holmes">Edward C. Holmes</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lourenco, Jose" sort="Lourenco, Jose" uniqKey="Lourenco J" first="José" last="Lourenço">José Lourenço</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos" sort="Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos" uniqKey="Junior Alcantara L" first="Luiz Carlos" last="Junior Alcantara">Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Assuncao Oliveira, Marluce Aparecida" sort="Assuncao Oliveira, Marluce Aparecida" uniqKey="Assuncao Oliveira M" first="Marluce Aparecida" last="Assunção Oliveira">Marluce Aparecida Assunção Oliveira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
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<series><title level="j">Emerging microbes & infections</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2222-1751</idno>
<imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date>
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<term>Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (genetics)</term>
<term>Brazil (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (transmission)</term>
<term>Female (MeSH)</term>
<term>Genome, Viral (MeSH)</term>
<term>Geography (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (transmission)</term>
<term>Whole Genome Sequencing (MeSH)</term>
<term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (génétique)</term>
<term>Brésil (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Femelle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Génome viral (MeSH)</term>
<term>Géographie (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (transmission)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mâle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (transmission)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term>
<term>Séquençage du génome entier (MeSH)</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
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</keywords>
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</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Brésil</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
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<term>Aged</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Genome, Viral</term>
<term>Geography</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
<term>Whole Genome Sequencing</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The recent emergence of a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, has had major public health and economic consequences. Although 61,888 confirmed cases were reported in Brazil by 28 April 2020, little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in this country. To better understand the recent epidemic in the second most populous state in southeast Brazil - Minas Gerais (MG) - we sequenced 40 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from MG cases and examined epidemiological data from three Brazilian states. Both the genome analyses and the geographical distribution of reported cases indicate for multiple independent introductions into MG. Epidemiological estimates of the reproductive number (R) using different data sources and theoretical assumptions suggest the potential for sustained virus transmission despite a reduction in R from the first reported case to the end of April 2020. The estimated date of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Brazil was consistent with epidemiological data from the first case of a returned traveller from Lombardy, Italy. These findings highlight the nature of the COVID-19 epidemic in MG and reinforce the need for real-time and continued genomic surveillance strategies to better understand and prepare for the epidemic spread of emerging viral pathogens..</div>
</front>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>08</Month>
<Day>21</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2222-1751</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>9</Volume>
<Issue>1</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>Dec</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Emerging microbes & infections</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Emerg Microbes Infect</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil: insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>1824-1834</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1080/22221751.2020.1803146</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>The recent emergence of a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, has had major public health and economic consequences. Although 61,888 confirmed cases were reported in Brazil by 28 April 2020, little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in this country. To better understand the recent epidemic in the second most populous state in southeast Brazil - Minas Gerais (MG) - we sequenced 40 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from MG cases and examined epidemiological data from three Brazilian states. Both the genome analyses and the geographical distribution of reported cases indicate for multiple independent introductions into MG. Epidemiological estimates of the reproductive number (R) using different data sources and theoretical assumptions suggest the potential for sustained virus transmission despite a reduction in R from the first reported case to the end of April 2020. The estimated date of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Brazil was consistent with epidemiological data from the first case of a returned traveller from Lombardy, Italy. These findings highlight the nature of the COVID-19 epidemic in MG and reinforce the need for real-time and continued genomic surveillance strategies to better understand and prepare for the epidemic spread of emerging viral pathogens..</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xavier</LastName>
<ForeName>Joilson</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3916-2018</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Giovanetti</LastName>
<ForeName>Marta</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adelino</LastName>
<ForeName>Talita</ForeName>
<Initials>T</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fonseca</LastName>
<ForeName>Vagner</ForeName>
<Initials>V</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5521-6448</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001, South Africa.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Barbosa da Costa</LastName>
<ForeName>Alana Vitor</ForeName>
<Initials>AV</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ribeiro</LastName>
<ForeName>Adriana Aparecida</ForeName>
<Initials>AA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Felicio</LastName>
<ForeName>Katlin Nascimento</ForeName>
<Initials>KN</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Duarte</LastName>
<ForeName>Clara Guerra</ForeName>
<Initials>CG</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ferreira Silva</LastName>
<ForeName>Marcos Vinicius</ForeName>
<Initials>MV</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Salgado</LastName>
<ForeName>Álvaro</ForeName>
<Initials>Á</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lima</LastName>
<ForeName>Mauricio Teixeira</ForeName>
<Initials>MT</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Jesus</LastName>
<ForeName>Ronaldo</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fabri</LastName>
<ForeName>Allison</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Soares Zoboli</LastName>
<ForeName>Cristiane Franco</ForeName>
<Initials>CF</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Souza Santos</LastName>
<ForeName>Thales Gutemberg</ForeName>
<Initials>TG</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Iani</LastName>
<ForeName>Felipe</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ciccozzi</LastName>
<ForeName>Massimo</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3866-9239</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bispo de Filippis</LastName>
<ForeName>Ana Maria</ForeName>
<Initials>AM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Teixeira de Siqueira</LastName>
<ForeName>Marilda Agudo Mendonça</ForeName>
<Initials>MAM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Abreu</LastName>
<ForeName>André Luiz</ForeName>
<Initials>AL</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Azevedo</LastName>
<ForeName>Vasco</ForeName>
<Initials>V</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ramalho</LastName>
<ForeName>Dario Brock</ForeName>
<Initials>DB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Campelo de Albuquerque</LastName>
<ForeName>Carlos F</ForeName>
<Initials>CF</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília-DF, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Oliveira</LastName>
<ForeName>Tulio</ForeName>
<Initials>T</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001, South Africa.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Holmes</LastName>
<ForeName>Edward C</ForeName>
<Initials>EC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lourenço</LastName>
<ForeName>José</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Junior Alcantara</LastName>
<ForeName>Luiz Carlos</ForeName>
<Initials>LC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Assunção Oliveira</LastName>
<ForeName>Marluce Aparecida</ForeName>
<Initials>MA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName>
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<affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>Brésil</li>
<li>Italie</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
</country>
<region><li>Angleterre</li>
<li>District fédéral (Brésil)</li>
<li>Latium</li>
<li>Minas Gerais</li>
<li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li>
<li>Oxfordshire</li>
<li>État de Rio de Janeiro</li>
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<settlement><li>Belo Horizonte</li>
<li>Oxford</li>
<li>Rio de Janeiro</li>
<li>Rome</li>
<li>Sydney</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université d'Oxford</li>
<li>Université de Sydney</li>
<li>Université fédérale du Minas Gerais</li>
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<tree><country name="Brésil"><region name="Minas Gerais"><name sortKey="Xavier, Joilson" sort="Xavier, Joilson" uniqKey="Xavier J" first="Joilson" last="Xavier">Joilson Xavier</name>
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<name sortKey="Adelino, Talita" sort="Adelino, Talita" uniqKey="Adelino T" first="Talita" last="Adelino">Talita Adelino</name>
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<name sortKey="Campelo De Albuquerque, Carlos F" sort="Campelo De Albuquerque, Carlos F" uniqKey="Campelo De Albuquerque C" first="Carlos F" last="Campelo De Albuquerque">Carlos F. Campelo De Albuquerque</name>
<name sortKey="De Abreu, Andre Luiz" sort="De Abreu, Andre Luiz" uniqKey="De Abreu A" first="André Luiz" last="De Abreu">André Luiz De Abreu</name>
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<name sortKey="Duarte, Clara Guerra" sort="Duarte, Clara Guerra" uniqKey="Duarte C" first="Clara Guerra" last="Duarte">Clara Guerra Duarte</name>
<name sortKey="Fabri, Allison" sort="Fabri, Allison" uniqKey="Fabri A" first="Allison" last="Fabri">Allison Fabri</name>
<name sortKey="Felicio, Katlin Nascimento" sort="Felicio, Katlin Nascimento" uniqKey="Felicio K" first="Katlin Nascimento" last="Felicio">Katlin Nascimento Felicio</name>
<name sortKey="Ferreira Silva, Marcos Vinicius" sort="Ferreira Silva, Marcos Vinicius" uniqKey="Ferreira Silva M" first="Marcos Vinicius" last="Ferreira Silva">Marcos Vinicius Ferreira Silva</name>
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<name sortKey="Giovanetti, Marta" sort="Giovanetti, Marta" uniqKey="Giovanetti M" first="Marta" last="Giovanetti">Marta Giovanetti</name>
<name sortKey="Giovanetti, Marta" sort="Giovanetti, Marta" uniqKey="Giovanetti M" first="Marta" last="Giovanetti">Marta Giovanetti</name>
<name sortKey="Iani, Felipe" sort="Iani, Felipe" uniqKey="Iani F" first="Felipe" last="Iani">Felipe Iani</name>
<name sortKey="Iani, Felipe" sort="Iani, Felipe" uniqKey="Iani F" first="Felipe" last="Iani">Felipe Iani</name>
<name sortKey="Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos" sort="Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos" uniqKey="Junior Alcantara L" first="Luiz Carlos" last="Junior Alcantara">Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara</name>
<name sortKey="Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos" sort="Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos" uniqKey="Junior Alcantara L" first="Luiz Carlos" last="Junior Alcantara">Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara</name>
<name sortKey="Lima, Mauricio Teixeira" sort="Lima, Mauricio Teixeira" uniqKey="Lima M" first="Mauricio Teixeira" last="Lima">Mauricio Teixeira Lima</name>
<name sortKey="Ramalho, Dario Brock" sort="Ramalho, Dario Brock" uniqKey="Ramalho D" first="Dario Brock" last="Ramalho">Dario Brock Ramalho</name>
<name sortKey="Ribeiro, Adriana Aparecida" sort="Ribeiro, Adriana Aparecida" uniqKey="Ribeiro A" first="Adriana Aparecida" last="Ribeiro">Adriana Aparecida Ribeiro</name>
<name sortKey="Salgado, Alvaro" sort="Salgado, Alvaro" uniqKey="Salgado A" first="Álvaro" last="Salgado">Álvaro Salgado</name>
<name sortKey="Soares Zoboli, Cristiane Franco" sort="Soares Zoboli, Cristiane Franco" uniqKey="Soares Zoboli C" first="Cristiane Franco" last="Soares Zoboli">Cristiane Franco Soares Zoboli</name>
<name sortKey="Souza Santos, Thales Gutemberg" sort="Souza Santos, Thales Gutemberg" uniqKey="Souza Santos T" first="Thales Gutemberg" last="Souza Santos">Thales Gutemberg Souza Santos</name>
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</country>
<country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fonseca, Vagner" sort="Fonseca, Vagner" uniqKey="Fonseca V" first="Vagner" last="Fonseca">Vagner Fonseca</name>
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<name sortKey="De Oliveira, Tulio" sort="De Oliveira, Tulio" uniqKey="De Oliveira T" first="Tulio" last="De Oliveira">Tulio De Oliveira</name>
</country>
<country name="Italie"><region name="Latium"><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, Massimo" sort="Ciccozzi, Massimo" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M" first="Massimo" last="Ciccozzi">Massimo Ciccozzi</name>
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</country>
<country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Holmes, Edward C" sort="Holmes, Edward C" uniqKey="Holmes E" first="Edward C" last="Holmes">Edward C. Holmes</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Lourenco, Jose" sort="Lourenco, Jose" uniqKey="Lourenco J" first="José" last="Lourenço">José Lourenço</name>
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	Serveur d'exploration sur la COVID chez les séniors
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Serveur d'exploration sur la COVID chez les séniors

The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil: insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing.

The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil: insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing.

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